Oge izizi Australia na-amata nkwupụta mmezi obodo ndị China

Oge igodo:

Na June 2022, Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke New South Wales nke Australia kpebiri ịnakwere nkwupụta mmezi obodo China abụọ, na-aka akara oge mbụ ụlọ ikpe Australia anabatala nkwupụta mmezi nke China (Lee. Bank of China Limited v Chen [2022] NSWSC 749).
N'okwu a, a na-ewere nkwupụta mmezi obodo ndị China dị ka 'ikpe mba ọzọ' n'okpuru iwu Australia.
N'okpuru iwu China, ndị ụlọ ikpe China na-eme nkwupụta mkpezi obodo, nke a na-asụgharị mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ikpe mkpegharị ikpe n'usoro nhazi nke ndị otu ahụ nwetara, ma nwee ike nweta ikike dị ka ikpe ụlọ ikpe.

Na 7 June 2022, New South Wales Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Australia ("NSWSC"), n'ihe banyere nke Bank of China Limited v Chen [2022] NSWSC 749, ghọtara nkwupụta mmezi obodo abụọ nke Jimo Primary People's Court, Qingdao, Shandong, China ("Ụlọikpe China Jimo") nyere na 23 Ọkt. 2019.

Ikpe a bụ nke mbụ ụlọ ikpe Australia anabatala nkwupụta mgbaghara ndị China.

Isi okwu dabere na nkwupụta mkpezi obodo nke ụlọ ikpe China nyere, nke NSWSC tụgharịrị dị ka 'ikpe ogbugbu obodo', nwere ike ịnakwere ma tinye ya n'ọrụ site n'ụlọ ikpe Australia dị ka ikpe mba ofesi.

I. Nyochaa ikpe

Na 23 Ọkt. 2019, Ụlọikpe Jimo nke China nyere nkwupụta mmezi obodo abụọ na esemokwu dị n'etiti Bank of China na onye zara Chen Ying, ya bụ:

i. nkwupụta nkwekọrịta obodo (2019) Lu 0282 Min Chu No. 4209 ((2019)鲁0282民初4209号), nke kwadoro na onye zara Chen Ying ga-akwụ CNY 17,990,172.26 na onye na-achọ Bank of China;

ii. nkwupụta nkwekọrịta obodo (2019) Lu 0282 Min Chu No. 4210 ((2019)鲁0282民初4210号), nke kwadoro na onye zara ya Chen Ying ga-akwụ CNY 22,372,474.11 na onye na-arịọ Bank of China.

Na 24 Disemba 2020, onye gbara akwụkwọ chọrọ mmanye na iwu nkịtị na Australia nke nkwupụta mmezi obodo abụọ.

Ndị NSWSC mere mkpebi na 7 June 2022, na-ekpebi na "ikpe ndị dị na Usoro 4209 na 4210 gụnyere n'ime akwụkwọ (ya bụ nkwupụta mmezi obodo abụọ) ga-amanye."

II. Echiche ụlọ ikpe

Ndị NSWSC kwenyere na "Etiti n'etiti esemokwu a bụ ikpe ikpe ikpe ikpe abụọ nke Civil Mediation na Usoro 4209 na 4210 a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu." Ya bụ, ma ikpe abụọ nke ogbugbu obodo bụ ikpe mba ofesi matara ma tinye ya n'ọrụ nke Australia.

Onye na-aza ajụjụ ahụ gbara akwụkwọ mkpesa, na-arụ ụka na ikpe ikpe ikpe ndị mmadụ na-achọ ka a mata na ndị na-eme ka a mara ya adịghị agụnye "ikpe" n'ime ihe Sch 6 (m) nke Uniform Civil Procedure Rules 2005 (NSW) ("UCPR").

Ihe akaebe nke Associate Prọfesọ Jie (Jeanne) Huang, na akụkọ ndị ọkachamara ya gosipụtara na ikpe mkpegharị ikpe obodo, dị ka ndị a na-ekwu na Usoro 4209 na Usoro 4210, nwere ihe ndị mejupụtara "ikpe" n'okpuru iwu Australia, ya bụ site n'ịmepụta. res judicata na inwe ikike mmanye na ikike mmanye (Prọfesọ Huang ebipụtala otu akụkọ na Esemokwu nke Iwu, na-ewebata ikpe a na echiche ya.)

NSWSC kwenyere na "ikpe" maka ebumnuche nke UCPR Sch 6(m) akọwapụtaghị na UCPR". N'okpuru iwu nkịtị, "ikpe" bụ iwu nke Ụlọikpe nke: na-ebute res judicata, na-arụ ọrụ site n'ikike nke Ụlọikpe ahụ, na-emepụta ihe iwu kwadoro site n'eziokwu na ọ bụ Ụlọikpe mere ya.

NSWSC chọpụtara na: (1) Ikpe ikpe ikpe abụọ nke Civil Mediation na-akwado iwu megide onye a na-ekpechite ọnụ ozugbo dịka usoro ha siri dị na China na-enweghị mkpa ọzọ ma ọ bụ iwu ọzọ ma ọ bụ ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Ndị Mmadụ; (2) Ndị otu ahụ enweghị ike ịdịgasị iche ma ọ bụ kagbuo ikpe ikpe ikpe nke obodo na-enweghị ikike nke Ụlọikpe Jimo nke China; (3) Ụlọikpe China na-egosipụta ụfọdụ ike ikpe na-eme ka a Civil mediation ikpe; (4) A na-akwadokwa ya n'eziokwu na usoro mmanye nke iwu iwu obodo China Art 234 na-etinyekwa aka n'otu aka ahụ na ikpe ogbugbu obodo na ikpe obodo; (5) Ọ dịghị mkpa ka ndị otu ahụ bịanye aka na ikpe mkpezi ikpe nke obodo ka ha dị irè, a na-etinye stampụ ụlọ ikpe na ọrụ ha na ndị ọzọ zuru ezu.

Iji kwubie, "N'inye ihe ndị a dị n'elu, ọ bụ echiche m na ikpe ikpe ndị na-ahụ maka mgbasa ozi obodo kwadoro res judicata, bụ ndị a kwadoro ma nwee ikike manye ma bụrụ ndị ikpe maka nzube nke iwu nke ikike a", gosipụtara NSWSC.

III. Okwu anyị

Nkwupụta mmezi obodo bụ otu ụdị ngwa iwu nke ụlọ ikpe China na-eme n'ikpe ikpe obodo, na-egosipụta iji ogbugbu ụlọikpe jikọtara China.

Ndị NSWSC nyochara nke ọma ikpe mkpegharị ikpe obodo yana mkpezi metụtara ụlọ ikpe China n'ihe gbasara Bank of China Limited v Chen. Ọ nwere ike ịbụ ntụaka bara uru ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwetala nkwupụta nzizi obodo site n'ụlọ ikpe China ma chọọ itinye akwụkwọ maka nkwado na mmanye na obodo ọzọ.

N'ebe a, anyị ga-achọkwa iwebata ka ụlọ ikpe ndị China si emeso esemokwu obodo.

Na nkenke, enwere nsonaazụ atọ ga-esi na ụlọ ikpe China dozie esemokwu obodo:

i. Ụlọ ikpe ahụ na-eme mkpebi ikpe obodo na-atụleghị echiche ndị ọzọ, si otú a na-akwado nkwupụta ahụ. Ebe ọ bụ na ikpe ahụ na-egosi echiche nke ụlọ ikpe, ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịrịọ mkpesa megide ya.

ii. Ụlọ ikpe ahụ na-ekwupụta nzizi n'usoro nhazi nke ndị otu ahụ nwetara, si otú a na-enye nhazi nhazi otu ikike dị ka ikpe ahụ. Ebe ọ bụ na nkwupụta mkpezi ahụ na-anọchite anya nkwekọrịta afọ ofufo nke ndị otu, ha enweghị ike ịrịọ mkpesa megide ya. Ọzọkwa, ebe ọ bụ na ụlọ ikpe ahụ na-ewepụta nkwupụta mkpezi maka nkwenye ya nke nkwekọrịta nke ndị otu ahụ, ụlọ ikpe nwere ike ịkwado nkwupụta mmezi obodo dịka ikpe.

iii. Ọ bụrụ na onye na-agba akwụkwọ na-ewepụ okwu ahụ n'ụlọ ikpe mgbe ndị otu ahụ nwetachara nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta, ụlọ ikpe ahụ ga-ekpebi maka iwepụ ya. N'ebe a, enwere naanị nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta nkịtị nke ndị otu ahụ nwetara, n'ihi na ụlọ ikpe emeghị mkpebi ọ bụla dị mkpa na esemokwu ahụ. Ya mere, nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta bụ naanị nkwekọrịta, na ndị ọzọ enweghị ikike ịrịọ ụlọ ikpe ka ọ kwado ya.

Ihe ii dị n'elu bụ nzikọrịta ụlọ ikpe jikọtara ọnụ anyị webatara na post gara aga "Nkwekọrịta na China: gara aga na ugbu at".

“Mkpesa ejikọrọ n'ụlọ ikpe na-ezo aka na mkpezi emere n'oge a na-ekpe ikpe.

Edebere mgbaghara n'ụlọ ikpe n'ime iwu usoro obodo. Ụdị ogbugbu a bụ onye ọka ikpe na-eme n'okwu ikpe obodo. Mkpesa abụghị ihe dị iche na ikpe ikpe, kama ọ bụ akụkụ ya. Mgbe emechara nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta ahụ, ụlọ ikpe ahụ ga-eme 'nkwupụta nhazi'(调解书). Nkwupụta nzizi ahụ, dị ka ikpe ahụ, ụlọ ikpe nwere ike mejupụta ya. "

Dị ka nkwupụta mkpezi nke ụlọ ikpe nyere bụ nke a ga-amanye, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi ndị China na-amalite imekọ ihe ọnụ na ụlọ ikpe n'ime nkwupụta mkpezi ka ha wee kwado nkwekọrịta mmezi. A na-akpọ ya "nkwado ikpe nke ogbugbo". Maka nkọwa zuru ezu, lee post anyị gara aga "Ọdịnihu nke ogbugbo na China: Mmekọrịta n'etiti ịgba akwụkwọ na nkpezi".

Dị ka anyị nwere ike ịmụta n'ihe banyere Ụgwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ Bank of China Limited, ozugbo nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta nke ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke China kwadoro site n'ụlọ ikpe China, ụlọ ikpe ahụ na-ekwupụtakwa nkwupụta okwu, ọ ga-ekwe omume na ụlọ ikpe mba ọzọ mara ya ma tinye ya n'ọrụ. Nke a nwere ike ịga n'ụzọ ụfọdụ n'ịkwalite mgbasa ozi zuru ụwa ọnụ nke nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta ndị China na-anọghị na China ịbanye na Mgbakọ Singapore.

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